Wheelchair suppliers introduce different types of wheelchair design and use

Wheelchair Basketball Wheelchair Basketball is a highly antagonistic game of athletes composed of lower limb amputation, numbness or spinal injury. The biggest feature is the athletes through the wheelchair on the basketball court. In addition to many special rules, wheelchair basketball and general basketball from the site to the rules are basically the same, the difference is that each athlete has its own medical grading.

In the game, the five athletes who play the medical grading score of not more than 14 points. Wheelchair basketball no two dribbling, but the field players move the ball, push the wheelchair 1 or 2 times after the need to shoot the ball one or more times, or pass, shot. During the game, the athlete's foot can not touch the ground, buttocks can not leave the wheelchair.

Wheelchair Basketball Competition Rules Points

Wheelchair basketball rules in addition to the following special provisions, and the International Basketball Federation basketball competition rules are basically the same.

Illegal

(1) any part of the athlete or his wheelchair touches the ground beyond the edge.

(2) any part of the body other than the hands touch the ground.

(3) due to wheelchair tilt, resulting in any part of the tire than the ground.

(4) not driving more than 2 consecutive times, each drive 2 times, must dribble 1 times, more than 2 times without dribbling is illegal. (Drive refers to the athlete by hand to push one or two wheels to do forward or backward movement).

(5) the way to dribble in the middle of both knees.

Foul

(1) Use unapproved appliances.

(2) whether in the dead ball or live ball state, athletes and their opponents or opponents of the wheelchair contact.

(3) illegal cross-path: the ball or not holding the ball players, in the absence of time to stop the opponent to stop or change the direction of the case, suddenly change the direction, trying to cross the opponent's path when the wheelchair contact.

(4) other invasion foul and FIBA basketball rules the same.

(5) technical foul

① match, for the advantage, buttocks away from the wheelchair seat.

② in the game, in order to gain the advantage, feet off the footrest.

③ use any part of the lower limbs to obtain the advantage of injustice or wheelchair to get power.

④ use a wheelchair that does not meet the requirements.

⑤ 5 players played the total disability points more than 14 points.

All athletes who meet the grading requirements of the International Wheelchair Basketball Federation Athletes Rating Committee can participate in the competition.

Athletes after the classification of medical scores: 1 point, 1.5 points, 2 points, 2.5 points, 3 points, 3.5 points, 4 points, 4.5 points. One point, 1.5 points belong to the lower motor function, the degree of disability of the low score players; 3.5 points, 4 points, 4.5 is a strong motor function, the degree of disability of the high score players.

In the course of the game, any team at any time, the team field athletes of the medical grade and the sum can not exceed 14 points. Otherwise the coach will be a technical foul, and immediately corrected.

Wheelchair Rugby Wheelchair Rugby is currently one of the three special items of the Paralympic Games in 20 competitions that do not correspond to the Olympic Games (the other two are blind goalballs and hardball balls). Wheelchair rugby is a collective balloon designed specifically for physically handicapped people with disabilities. Athletes who participate in the competition are mainly cervical athletes, in addition to lower limbs must rely on wheelchairs, the upper limbs there are different degrees of obstacles. It combines security, competitive and ornamental in one, not only highlights the athlete's personal skills, but also stressed the team with. Competition by the male and female players mixed team to participate in the wheelchair rugby official competition is carried out indoors, both offensive and defensive players to play four. All athletes must sit in a hand wheelchair to participate in the competition and meet the international wheelchair rugby league grading limit.

During the race, allow contact between wheelchairs. Such as when the player holding the ball or trying to block each other, and the opponent fierce collision. But some dangerous forms of contact, such as the other side of the wheelchair to attack each other is not allowed, will cause foul. There is also no physical contact between the athletes

Wheelchair olives

The ball is divided into 0.5 points to 3.5 points and 7 different scores according to the balance and movement ability of the upper body (trunk) of the athlete and the ability to control the ball and wheelchair. The higher the athlete's ability, the higher the score.

Match:

Each game is divided into 4 sections, each 8 minutes, after the first 1,3 after a break 1 minute. Intermission time is 5 minutes. A draw for 3 minutes overtime. Each team has four chances to suspend, each time to suspend 1 minute, overtime there is a chance to suspend. In the course of the game athletes can put the ball on the thigh to move, you can also pass the ball directly to friends, you can also hit the ball. But the athlete must pass or dribble in 10 seconds, and the ball should pass the ball in 15 seconds or pass the midline to reach the other half. Finally, the game scored more than one party to win.

Site equipment:

Wheelchair rugby usually choose the basketball court as a venue, the venue is 15 meters wide and 28 meters long, the center line will be divided into two pieces, the radius of the circle 1.8 meters, the goal line has two 8 meters away from the vertebral body Note the locations of the goal. For the athletes in a wheelchair safe and fair game, the height of the wheelchair can not exceed 53 cm. The ball used in the game is similar to the volleyball, with a perimeter of 65-67 cm and a weight between 260 and 280 grams.

Some special requirements:

1, wheelchair rugby rules are formulated in conjunction with basketball and rugby projects.

2, each team consists of four field players and eight replacement members. Play four players disability score and the sum can not exceed 8 points.

3, the defensive player in the game off the rules of departure 1 minute.

4, the defensive player serious foul, will be sentenced to a penalty.

Wheelchair Tennis Paralympic wheelchair tennis player must have medical diagnosis of permanent motor function disabled, usually composed of limbs paralyzed, lower limb disability and upper limb amputation athletes. Athletes with different degrees of disability will play together, and athletes must sit in a wheelchair to play.

Wheelchair tennis competition rules points

Before the start of the game, the referee to use the method of coins to choose, the winner has the right to choose or have the right to choose the venue. Choose to serve or serve the ball, should allow each other to select the field area; select the venue, should let the other party choose to serve or send the ball, you can also ask each other to make one of the above options.

Paralympic wheelchair tennis rules are basically the same as the rules of the Olympic Games. In the course of the competition, the athletes are not allowed to be instructed by the coaches. The wheelchair tennis tournament is identical to the tennis rules developed by the International Tennis Federation, except for the following special provisions.

Two - hop principle

Wheelchair tennis players allow the ball to land twice during the race. The athlete must hit the ball before the third landing. The second floor can be in the sector can also be outside the sector.

Wheelchair

Wheelchairs are considered part of the body, and all rules relating to the athlete's body are applicable to wheelchairs.

Competition with a wheelchair than the daily life of the wheelchair to be lightweight, by the seat, footrest, the front foot, rear deflector, rear tires and other components.

Serve

Serving in the following manner. Ready to serve before the start, the player to be in a fixed position. Allow the player to push forward the wheelchair before hitting the ball.

During the entire course of service, the wheel of the player's wheelchair can not touch the area other than the area where the center mark is extended between the extension line and the edge and the area behind the end line.

If a limb paralyzed athlete can not serve with a regular tee, another player can throw the ball for the athlete. However, every time you serve the same way. And should be indicated by the grading doctor on the grading card.

lose point

An athlete gets lost if:

The athlete can not hit the ball before the third floor of the ball;

During the course of a live course, an athlete uses a foot or any part of the lower limb to brake or maintain a balance when serving, hitting, turning, stopping, or turning the wheel. Except limb amputation.

At the time of hitting, the athlete does not keep the buttocks on the side of the wheelchair.

Push the wheelchair with your feet.

If an athlete does not have the ability to drive a wheelchair through a wheel, he can use one foot to drive the wheelchair.

Even in the case of the above rule, an athlete is allowed to use one foot to drive a wheelchair, including a racquet when moving in a forward motion, and when the ball is shot from the start of the ball to the ball, The other parts can not touch the ground.

If an athlete violates the above rules.

Note: The lower limbs are interpreted as: lower limbs, including hips, hips, thighs, calves, ankles and feet.

Clothing

Requires athletes to wear standard tennis sportswear.

Site protection

Protection of the site is not destroyed by the athletes should comply with the code of conduct, the following components may damage the site, must be checked:

Wheelchair footrest

Wheelchair front casters

Wheelchair rear deflector;

Wheelchair tires.

The time limit for repairing the equipment

The referee and the referee have the right to decide to suspend the game.

If the athlete's clothing, wheelchair or utensils (including the racquet) are damaged so that they can not or will not continue to race, you can suspend the game for repair and adjustment.

Processing: If this phenomenon occurs if the player can not control the situation, allowing the suspension of the game for processing. The principal responsible officer should determine if it is appropriate to decide the pause time (wheelchair repairs will not exceed 20 minutes from the start of the suspension).

Classification of athletes

Leading to double upper limb dysfunction criteria

(1) the level of nerve injury in the neck 8 and associated with loss of motor function;

(2) upper limb amputation;

(3) upper limb short limb deformity;

(4) upper limb muscle lesions;

(5) similar to the above four disability.

Leading to both lower extremity dysfunction criteria

(1) nerve injury in the sacral 1 level, accompanied by loss of motor function;

(2) lower extremity amputation;

(3) lower extremity limb deformity;

(4) lower limb muscle lesions;

(5) similar to the above four disability.

At least one of the criteria

(1) can not be done in a continuous and coordinated manner to catch the ball on the head of the action;

(2) can not be done in succession before and after the collision action;

(3) can not be done manually manual wheelchair;

(4) the process of the game without bundling or auxiliary device when the racket when its ability is weak.

    Wheelchair fencing Wheelchair fencing is a sport specially designed for the characteristics of lower limb disabled athletes (including amputation, poliomyelitis, cerebral palsy and paraplegia). For the audience, the wheelchair fencing movement makes them feel different, that is, both sides of the athletes' wheelchairs are fixed on the framework of the adjustable track. However, despite sitting in such a wheelchair, athletes can only freely move the upper half of their body, but they are not faster than the speed of the athletes slow, or even faster.

Wheelchair fencing competition rules points

As the wheelchair fixed in the game site on the continuous improvement of technology, wheelchair fencing project competition rules are also constantly adaptable changes. The main rules are as follows:

(1) the distance between the athletes, the shorter arm of an athlete holding a sword raised his arm, the tip of the sword touched the other elbow distance prevail (the sword of its sword should touch the inside of the other side of the arm). And, with the consent of both players, the distance between the players once determined, it is not necessary to make changes.

(2) In the race, the wheelchair of the two players can not move; the athlete's hips can not leave the wheelchair, the feet must be fixed on the pedal, the athlete's foot to use the ground to obtain favorable conditions for the foul.

(3) If the athlete is out of balance, or changes the sitting position, or the wheelchair loosening, or touch the folder off, the referee should immediately stop the game.

(4) wheelchair fencing competition In order to reduce the fencing frame adjustment time, often use each game after an athlete to stay in the field of the order, try to ensure that enough staff to allow athletes as soon as possible under the next fencing frame.

(5) in the game, hit the effective parts will be different due to functional differences, A-level for the above parts of the legs, B-level for the waist above the site.

(6) The main rules of competition are similar to those of healthy fencing rules. The athlete's body is equipped with a sensor line, connected to a signal box, which can record the situation of the sword. Every time a hammer hits an opponent's effective target area, it gets an effective score.

(7) Before the start of the race, the international wheelchair fencing committee authorized grading experts carefully for each athlete to check, test, determine its functional level. Athletes must strictly adhere to the classification requirements, can not participate in more than their own level of competition. B-level fencing athletes can participate in the A-level game, must be registered in the situation, and in the course of the game can only participate in the A-level game. Not in accordance with the provisions of their own level of competition to participate in the athletes, can not get any ranking points.

(8) In any match, players can not register for two or more races at the same time, including individual races and team races.

All wheelchair athletes can participate in wheelchair fencing competition, including: amputation, paralysis, cerebral palsy athletes. Starting from the 1988 Seoul Paralympic Games, the introduction and start of a new wheelchair fencing player function classification system. At the European Wheelchair Fencing Championship held in Glasgow in 1987, the German Rita Strohm first proposed a new classification system proposal, later made some changes will be formed in the final version of the Paralympic Games in Seoul. This new functional grading system takes full account of the various factors that allow athletes of different disability (amputation, poliomyelitis, cerebral palsy and paraplegia) to participate in the competition.

Functional tests (performed in a wheelchair) include the assessment of the extensibility, the measurement of the chest roll in different directions (in the case of a sword or without a sword). The action to be tested is to repeat the technical action in the game, such as a sudden body roll when holding the sword, with the elbow extension, the chest's fast return (or tilt in the opposite direction). To assess the score in the test, the purpose of these tests is to avoid the athletes in the game was opponents hurt. The score in the test is as follows:

0 minutes - do not have the physical function, can not implement technical action;

1 point - very poor action execution ability, the ability to carry out the smallest range of activities;

2 points - relatively weak action execution ability, able to carry out medium range of activities;

3 points - normal action execution ability.

Test 1: upper body stretch ability

Including the assessment of the ability of the back muscles to stretch: the test person sitting in a wheelchair, so that it is in a forward state, and then let it through the contraction of the back muscles and keep the balance of the upper limb back to the integrity of the sitting position.

Test 2: Side balance capability

The opponent's upper limbs are fixed and the lateral balance control capability is measured: the tester bent his torso to the left and right to the maximum tilt until it was out of balance. In this way, you can assess the function of the trunk side of the muscles and abdominal side of the function of the muscles.

Test 3: Abdominal stretch ability

Similar to Test 1, the ability to stretch the torso is evalsuated, but the focus is primarily on abdominal muscles. In the test, the subject is asked to put his hands in the neck, so that you can exclude the inertia of upper limb movement and the ability of the trunk back muscles.

Test 4: the balance of the sword side of the ability

Similar to Test 2, but it is more difficult to measure because the subject must be armed with a sword and the weight of the sword will significantly reduce its ability to maintain balance during the body roll.

It is very important that is done